Five values underpin the framework, being Commitment, Focus, Openness, Respect and Courage. The Guide is explicit that the three empirical pillars come to life when these are embodied by the Scrum Team.
What each one covers
Commitment. The Scrum Team commits to achieving its goals and to supporting each other.
Focus. The team's primary focus is on the work of the Sprint, to make the best possible progress toward those goals.
Openness. The Scrum Team and its stakeholders are open about the work and the challenges.
Respect. Scrum Team members respect each other as capable, independent people, and are respected as such by the people they work with.
Courage. Scrum Team members have the courage to do the right thing and to work on tough problems.
Where they appear in questions
The values are most often tested indirectly, through a scenario where a team is under pressure to hide a problem, take on work that dilutes the Sprint Goal, or accept a decision nobody believes in. The value being tested is usually openness or courage, and the correct answer is the one that surfaces the problem rather than absorbing it.